When ethnic violence in Armenia erupted and reached a peak in the early 1990's, about 200,000 Azerbaijani fled from Armenia to Azerbaijan. Today, about 92,000 Azerbaijani still live in Armenia.

While the origins of the Azerbaijani, (also known as the Azeri), are unclear, we do know that they have been subjected to numerous invasions throughout history. The homeland of the Azeri was first conquered by the Persians in the sixth century B.C. In the seventh century A.D., they were conquered by Arab Muslims and Islam was introduced. Although the Armenians endured much persecution to maintain their Christianity, their Azerbaijani neighbors became Muslims.

What are their lives like?
Azerbaijani settlements in the Caucasus were traditionally divided into makhelle, or villages, made up of extended families. Before Soviet rule in the 1920's, most Armenians worked as farmers or shepherds. However, under Soviet rule, Armenia became much more industrialized. Today, about 70% of the people live in cities, and much of the traditional culture has undergone radical changes. Manufacturing and mining account for about two-thirds of Armenia's economic production, and most of the Azerbaijani are involved in industrial work. They usually live in apartments in the cities and enjoy a typical, cosmopolitan lifestyle.

In an attempt to protect their Azeri culture, marriage within the family was encouraged. Unions between first cousins were considered the most desirable. Marriage to a non-Azerbaijani was almost unheard of prior to the Soviet period. Polygyny (having more than one wife) was only allowed in cases of infertility.

The Azerbaijani diet consists mainly of rice pilaf and a variety of grilled and boiled meats including beef, goat, and lamb. Traditional dishes include bozartma (mutton stew), dovga (a soup made from yogurt), meat, and herbs. Tea and wine are popular drinks.

The Azeri language belongs to the southwestern (Oguz) branch of the Turkic language family. There are two main subgroups of Azeri: Azerbaijani North and Azerbaijani South. The main differences are in the sounds and basic grammatical structure of the languages. Azeri has a written tradition that dates back to the fourteenth century. Arabic script is used in Iran and the Cyrillic alphabet is used in Azerbaijan. A number of Azeri newspapers are published in Armenia to serve the needs of the communities.

What are their beliefs?
Armenia's Azerbaijani are primarily Muslims of the Shi'ite sect, but there are a number of Hanafite Muslims as well. Twenty percent of the Azerbaijani in Armenia are non-religious.

Islam among the Azerbaijani is a reflection of the historical ties that exist between Azerbaijan and Iran. Until the twentieth century, most Azerbaijani identified themselves as Muslims rather than Azerbaijani or Turks. They believe that being a "spiritual community of Islam" was much more important that being a nation.

Among the Azerbaijani, religious practices are less restrictive of women's activities than in Muslim countries. The majority of Azerbaijani women have jobs outside the home, and a few have attained leadership positions. However, some evidence of the traditional, restrictive female role remains.

What are their needs?
Although this small group of Azerbaijani lives in a predominantly Christian nation, the long standing bitterness between the Muslims and Christians prevents them from receiving the Gospel. The Bible and the Jesus film are available in the Azeri language; however, there are no known Azerbaijani believers in Armenia.

Prayer Points

• Ask the Lord to send long-term missionaries to Armenia to share Christ with the Azerbaijani.
• Pray that prayer teams will be raised up to go and to break up the soil through worship and intercession.
• Pray that God will open doors for Christian businessmen to share Christ with the Azerbaijani.
• Pray for God to bring vision for outreach and a genuine burden for the Azerbaijani to Armenian believers.
• Ask the Holy Spirit to soften their hearts towards Christians so that they will be receptive to the Gospel.
• Pray for God to give wisdom, favor, and strategies to the missions agencies that are targeting the Azerbaijani.
• Ask the Lord to raise up strong local churches among the Azerbaijani.

THE PEOPLE

• People name: Azerbaijani
• Country: Armenia
• Their language: Azeri
• Population: (1990) 86,100
  (1995) 92,400
  (2000) 97,900
• Largest religion: Muslim (Shia) 56%
  Muslim (Hanafite) 24%
  Nonreligious 20%
• Christians: None
• Church members: None
• Scriptures in their own language: Bible
• Jesus Film in their own language: Available
• Christian broadcasts in their own language: None
• Mission agencies working among this people: 2
• Persons who have heard the Gospel: 18,500 (20%) Those evangelized by local Christians: None
  Those evangelized from the outside: 18,500 (20%)
• Persons who have never heard the Gospel: 73,900 (80%)

• Country: Armenia
• Population: (1990) 3,351,700
  (1995) 3,599,100
  (2000) 3,813,300
• Major peoples in size order: Armenian 93%
  Azerbaijani 2.5%
  Northern Kurd 1.7%
  Russian 1.5%
• Major religions: Christians 83.5%
  Nonreligious 9.7%
  Atheists 4.6%
• Number of denominations: 11